/* ============ tokens ============ */
:root{
  --ground:#00274C; --paper:#F7F6F3; --ink:#171B21; --ink-soft:#4A525C;
  --rule:#DEDAD2;
  --amber:#8F6410;      /* perfusion   */
  --mark-amber:#C87F32; --mark-cyan:#3E7C8C; --mark-violet:#6B5B7B;
  --cyan:#3A7482;       /* multiomics  */
  --violet:#6B5B7B;     /* ai/ml       */
  --measure:64ch;
  --step--1:clamp(.78rem,.74rem + .18vw,.86rem);
  --step-0:clamp(1rem,.96rem + .2vw,1.08rem);
  --step-1:clamp(1.25rem,1.15rem + .5vw,1.5rem);
  --step-2:clamp(1.6rem,1.4rem + 1vw,2.2rem);
  --step-3:clamp(2.2rem,1.7rem + 2.4vw,3.9rem);
  --display:"Inter","Helvetica Neue",-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,sans-serif;
  --body:"Iowan Old Style","Charter","Georgia",serif;
  --mono:ui-monospace,"SF Mono",Menlo,Consolas,monospace;
}
*{box-sizing:border-box}
html{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;scroll-behavior:smooth}
body{margin:0;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);
  font-family:var(--body);font-size:var(--step-0);line-height:1.62;
  font-feature-settings:"kern","liga";-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}
a{color:inherit}
.wrap{max-width:1120px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 clamp(1.2rem,4vw,3rem)}

/* ============ nav ============ */
.nav{position:sticky;top:0;z-index:50;background:rgba(247,246,243,.93);
  backdrop-filter:blur(8px);border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}
.nav .wrap{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:2.4rem;height:68px}
.brand{font-family:var(--display);text-decoration:none;margin-right:auto;
  align-self:center;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:.6rem;line-height:1;color:var(--ink)}
.brand .mark{width:26px;height:26px;flex:0 0 26px;display:block}
.brand-name{font-weight:650;letter-spacing:-.025em;font-size:1.28rem}
.brand-inst{font-weight:400;font-size:.72rem;letter-spacing:.02em;color:var(--ink-soft);
  padding-left:.6rem;border-left:1px solid var(--rule);align-self:center}
.nav a.lnk{font-family:var(--display);font-size:var(--step-0);font-weight:500;
  letter-spacing:-.005em;text-decoration:none;color:#343B44;padding:.25rem 0;
  border-bottom:2px solid transparent;transition:color .15s,border-color .15s}
.nav a.lnk:hover,.nav a.lnk[aria-current]{color:var(--ink);border-bottom-color:var(--amber)}

/* ============ hero ============ */
.hero{background:var(--ground);color:var(--paper);position:relative;overflow:hidden;
  padding:clamp(4rem,11vh,8rem) 0 clamp(3.5rem,8vh,6rem)}
.hero .wrap{position:relative;z-index:2}
.hero h1{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;font-size:var(--step-3);
  line-height:1.04;letter-spacing:-.035em;margin:0 0 1.3rem;max-width:19ch}
.hero p.dek{max-width:56ch;color:#C6D2E0;font-size:var(--step-1);line-height:1.5;margin:0}
.eyebrow{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.68rem;letter-spacing:.16em;
  text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--amber);margin:0 0 1.6rem}
#field{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:1;opacity:.9}

/* ============ theme cards ============ */
.themes{padding:clamp(3.5rem,9vh,6rem) 0}
.tgrid{display:grid;gap:1px;background:var(--rule);
  grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(258px,1fr));border:1px solid var(--rule)}
.tcard{background:var(--paper);padding:1.9rem 1.6rem 2.1rem;text-decoration:none;
  display:block;transition:background .18s}
.tcard:hover{background:#FCFBF9}
.tcard .mk{width:26px;height:3px;display:block;margin-bottom:1.1rem}
.tcard h3{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;font-size:var(--step-1);
  letter-spacing:-.02em;line-height:1.18;margin:0 0 .55rem}
.tcard p{margin:0;color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:var(--step--1);line-height:1.55}
.t1 .mk{background:var(--amber)} .t2 .mk{background:var(--cyan)} .t3 .mk{background:var(--violet)}

/* ============ sections ============ */
.sec{padding:clamp(3.2rem,8vh,5.5rem) 0;border-top:1px solid var(--rule)}
.sec-h{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.68rem;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--ink-soft);margin:0 0 2.4rem;padding-bottom:.7rem;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}
.res{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,3fr) minmax(0,7fr);
  gap:clamp(1.5rem,5vw,4rem);margin-bottom:clamp(3rem,7vh,5rem)}
.res:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.res h2{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;font-size:var(--step-2);
  letter-spacing:-.028em;line-height:1.1;margin:0}
.res .lede{font-size:var(--step-1);line-height:1.45;margin:0 0 1.4rem;
  max-width:var(--measure);letter-spacing:-.01em}
.res p{max-width:var(--measure);margin:0 0 1.05rem;color:#2B313A}
.res p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.stat{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.94em;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;
  border-bottom:1px solid currentColor;padding-bottom:.5px}
.r1 .stat{color:#94591A} .r2 .stat{color:#2F6273} .r3 .stat{color:#584A66}

/* ============ people ============ */
.plist{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(212px,1fr));gap:1.6rem 1.4rem}
.p{display:flex;gap:.85rem;align-items:center}
.av{width:44px;height:44px;flex:0 0 44px;border-radius:50%;background:#EAE6DE;
  display:grid;place-items:center;font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.72rem;
  color:var(--ink-soft);letter-spacing:.02em;overflow:hidden}
.av img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover}
.p .nm{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:550;font-size:var(--step--1);
  letter-spacing:-.01em;line-height:1.25;display:block}
.p .rl{font-size:.78rem;color:var(--ink-soft);line-height:1.35;display:block;margin-top:.12rem}
.p .nm a{text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid transparent;transition:border-color .15s}
.p .nm a:hover,.p .nm a:focus-visible{border-bottom-color:var(--cyan)}
.pi{display:grid;grid-template-columns:auto minmax(0,1fr);gap:1.6rem;
  margin-bottom:2.6rem;padding-bottom:2.4rem;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);align-items:start}
.pi .av{width:92px;height:92px;flex-basis:92px;font-size:1.15rem}
.pi h2{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;font-size:var(--step-1);
  letter-spacing:-.02em;margin:0 0 .3rem}
.pi .titles{font-family:var(--display);font-size:var(--step--1);color:var(--ink-soft);
  margin:0 0 1rem;line-height:1.45}
.pi p.bio{max-width:var(--measure);margin:0}
.profile-links{margin:1.1rem 0 0;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.5rem .55rem}
.profile-links a{font-family:var(--display);font-size:.78rem;color:var(--ink-soft);
  text-decoration:none;border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:2px;
  padding:.24rem .6rem;transition:border-color .15s,color .15s}
.profile-links a:hover{color:var(--ink);border-color:#C4BEB2}
.sub{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.66rem;letter-spacing:.15em;text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--ink-soft);margin:2.4rem 0 1.3rem}
.alumni{max-width:var(--measure);margin:0;color:#2B313A}

/* ============ publications ============ */
.pub-profiles{font-family:var(--display);font-size:var(--step--1);color:var(--ink-soft);
  margin:-1.4rem 0 1.8rem}
.pub-profiles a{color:var(--ink);text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid var(--amber)}
.filters{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.45rem;margin-bottom:1.4rem}
.fb{font-family:var(--display);font-size:var(--step--1);background:none;cursor:pointer;
  border:1px solid var(--rule);padding:.4rem .85rem;border-radius:2px;color:var(--ink-soft);
  transition:all .15s}
.fb:hover{border-color:#C4BEB2}
.fb[aria-pressed="true"]{background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);border-color:var(--ink)}
.fb .n{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.72em;opacity:.65;margin-left:.4rem}
.count{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.72rem;color:var(--ink-soft);margin:0 0 1.6rem}
.yr{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.68rem;letter-spacing:.14em;color:var(--ink-soft);
  padding-top:1.5rem;border-top:1px solid var(--rule);margin-top:1.5rem}
.pub{padding:.85rem 0;border-bottom:1px solid #EDEAE4}
.pub .ti{display:block;font-size:.97rem;line-height:1.45;margin-bottom:.22rem;
  text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid transparent}
.pub a.ti:hover{border-bottom-color:var(--amber)}
.pub .meta{font-size:.8rem;color:var(--ink-soft);line-height:1.45}
.pub .jr{font-style:italic}
.pub .dot{display:inline-block;width:5px;height:5px;border-radius:50%;margin-right:.45rem;
  vertical-align:.08em}
.d-vasomotor{background:var(--amber)} .d-multiomics{background:var(--cyan)} .d-ai{background:var(--violet)}

/* ============ footer ============ */
footer{background:var(--ground);color:#8A9199;padding:2.6rem 0;
  font-family:var(--display);font-size:var(--step--1)}
footer .wrap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:1rem;flex-wrap:wrap}
footer a{color:#B9C0C7}

@media(max-width:720px){
  .res{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .res-head{position:static}
  .nav .wrap{gap:1.1rem}
  .brand-inst{display:none}
  .brand .mark{width:23px;height:23px;flex-basis:23px}
  .pi{grid-template-columns:1fr}
}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){
  *{animation-duration:.01ms!important;transition-duration:.01ms!important}
}
:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--amber);outline-offset:3px}


/* --- U-M palette -------------------------------------------------- */

/* Second research section on a warm band. Painted with box-shadow rather
   than a pseudo-element: body carries background:var(--paper), so a
   z-index:-1 element would paint behind it and disappear in Firefox. */
.res{padding-block:clamp(2.4rem,5vh,3.6rem);margin-bottom:0}
.res.r2{background:#F1EEE7;
        box-shadow:0 0 0 100vmax #F1EEE7;
        clip-path:inset(0 -100vmax)}
.sec{padding-bottom:0}
@media (max-width:900px){.res{padding-block:2.2rem}}

/* Maize only ever on the blue ground - 9.9:1 there, 1.4:1 on white. */
.hero .stat{color:#FFCB05}
.site-footer a{color:#FFCB05}

/* Section eyebrows in blue rather than grey. */
.sec-h{color:#00274C;border-bottom-color:#00274C}

/* --- theme graphics ------------------------------------------------ */
/* .res is a two-column grid; .res-head holds the heading and its figure
   together in the sticky left column. */
.res-head{position:sticky;top:96px;align-self:start}
.res-head h2{position:static}
.res-fig{display:block;width:100%;max-width:200px;height:auto;margin-top:1.4rem;
         color:var(--ink)}
.res.r1 .res-fig{--tac-input:var(--amber)}
.res.r2 .res-fig{--cca-a:var(--cyan);--cca-b:var(--violet)}
.res.r3 .res-fig{--ai-node:var(--violet)}
@media (max-width:720px){
  .res-head{position:static}
  .res-fig{margin:1rem 0 .5rem;max-width:170px}
}

/* ============ join us ============ */
.join-lede{max-width:var(--measure);margin:0 0 1.2rem}
.join-intro{max-width:var(--measure);margin:0 0 .4rem;color:#2B313A}
.jlist{display:grid;gap:1.6rem}
.j h3{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;font-size:var(--step-1);
  letter-spacing:-.018em;line-height:1.25;margin:0 0 .4rem}
.j p{max-width:var(--measure);margin:0;color:#2B313A}
.join-apply{max-width:var(--measure);margin:0;color:#2B313A}


/* ============ section rhythm ============ */
/* .sec has symmetric padding, but the last child of a section is normally a
   paragraph with margin:0, so the space below the final line reads as smaller
   than the space above the heading. Add a consistent tail to every section
   rather than a bottom margin on each individual class. */
.sec > .wrap > :last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.sec > .wrap::after{content:"";display:block;height:1.6rem}
@media (max-width:720px){.sec > .wrap::after{height:1.1rem}}


/* ============ nav on small screens ============ */
/* The nav was a silent horizontal scroll strip (overflow-x:auto), so a fourth
   link simply ran off the edge with nothing to indicate it. Instead the row
   wraps. margin-right:auto on .brand would push the links to the right edge,
   so a wrapped link would sit far from the others; giving the brand the whole
   first row instead means the links form their own left-aligned row beneath
   it, and any wrap continues under Research rather than under Publications. */
@media (max-width:720px){
  .nav .wrap{flex-wrap:wrap;height:auto;align-items:center;
             padding-block:.65rem;row-gap:.5rem;justify-content:flex-start}
  .brand{margin-right:0;flex:0 0 100%}
  .nav a.lnk{font-size:.94rem}
}
@media (max-width:560px){
  .nav .wrap{gap:.9rem;row-gap:.5rem}
}

/* ============ theme figure animation ============ */
/* Each figure plays once when it scrolls into view. The JS adds .in to the
   <img>'s parent; nothing depends on the animation having run, so if the
   script never fires the figures simply show their finished state. */

/* Resting state = the finished drawing. Only elements inside .res-fig.armed
   are hidden, and .armed is set by script, so a no-JS visitor sees everything. */
.res-fig.armed .tac-input,
.res-fig.armed .tac-myo,
.res-fig.armed .ecg{stroke-dasharray:100;stroke-dashoffset:100}
.res-fig.armed .tac-peak,
.res-fig.armed .ai-node,
.res-fig.armed .ai-link{opacity:0}
.res-fig.armed .cca-a,
.res-fig.armed .cca-b,
.res-fig.armed .cca-axis{opacity:0}
.res-fig.armed .cca-bar{transform:scaleY(0);transform-origin:0 100%;
                        transform-box:fill-box}

/* --- theme 1: arterial input draws first, myocardium follows --- */
.res-fig.in .tac-input{animation:draw 1.05s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.3,1) forwards}
.res-fig.in .tac-myo{animation:draw 1.35s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.3,1) .28s forwards}
.res-fig.in .tac-peak{animation:fade .3s ease-out .42s forwards}

/* --- theme 2: diet block, then metabolites, then the shared axis --- */
.res-fig.in .cca-a{animation:fade .42s ease-out forwards}
.res-fig.in .cca-b{animation:fade .42s ease-out .38s forwards}
.res-fig.in .cca-axis{animation:fade .4s ease-out .82s forwards}
.res-fig.in .cca-bar{animation:grow .5s cubic-bezier(.3,0,.2,1) 1.02s forwards}

/* --- theme 3: complexes trace in sequence, then the model resolves --- */
.res-fig.in .ecg-1{animation:draw .62s linear forwards}
.res-fig.in .ecg-2{animation:draw .62s linear .5s forwards}
.res-fig.in .ecg-3{animation:draw .62s linear 1s forwards}
.res-fig.in .ai-link{animation:fade .35s ease-out 1.5s forwards}
.res-fig.in .ai-node-b{animation:fade .35s ease-out 1.72s forwards}
.res-fig.in .ai-node-a,
.res-fig.in .ai-node-c{animation:fade .35s ease-out 1.88s forwards}

@keyframes draw{to{stroke-dashoffset:0}}
@keyframes fade{to{opacity:1}}
@keyframes grow{to{transform:scaleY(1)}}

/* Anyone who has asked for less motion gets the finished figure immediately. */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){
  .res-fig.armed .tac-input,.res-fig.armed .tac-myo,.res-fig.armed .ecg{
    stroke-dasharray:none;stroke-dashoffset:0}
  .res-fig.armed .tac-peak,.res-fig.armed .ai-node,.res-fig.armed .ai-link,
  .res-fig.armed .cca-a,.res-fig.armed .cca-b,.res-fig.armed .cca-axis{opacity:1}
  .res-fig.armed .cca-bar{transform:none}
  .res-fig.in *{animation:none !important}
}